The spoliation of evidence doctrine concerns the intentional destruction of relevant evidence by a party. In the event that relevant evidence is spoiled (i.e., intentionally destroyed), the court may exercise its discretion to impose sanctions on the responsible party. The seriousness of the sanctions that a court may impose depends on the consideration of: (1) the degree of fault of the party who altered or destroyed the evidence; (2) the degree of prejudice suffered by the opposing party; and (3), whether there is a lesser sanction that will avoid substantial unfairness to the opposing party and, where the offending party is seriously at fault, will serve to deter such conduct by others in the future. Exclusion of spoiled evidence is a drastic sanction the courts generally try to avoid. However, the court may issue an instruction that will allow the jury to infer that the party spoiled the evidence because the evidence was unfavorable to the party’s case.
Continue Reading Does the Spoliation of Evidence Doctrine Apply to a Seaman who Elects to Undergo a Post-Accident Surgery Prior to an Independent Medical Examination?
Kean Miller
Parties Cannot Avoid Patent Infringement by Conducting Negotiations Outside the United States for Products that will be Delivered and Utilized in the United States
By Kean Miller on
In Transocean Offshore Deepwater Drilling, Inc. v. Maersk Contractors USA, Inc, 617 F.3d 1296 (Fed. Cir. 2010), the Federal Circuit reversed a district court’s summary judgment decision that no patent infringement occurred when a US company made an offer to sell to another US company when the sale negotiations occurred outside of the US.
Transocean filed suit for infringement of patents related to an improved apparatus for conducting offshore drilling. In order to drill for oil and other offshore resources, drilling rigs must lower several components to the seabed including the drill bit, casings, BOB’s, and the drill string. A conventional offshore drilling rig utilizes a derrick with a single top drive and drawworks that can only lower one element at a time in a time consuming process. Transocean patented a specialized derrick to improve the efficiency of lowering the above components. The specialized derrick included “two stations – a main advancing station and an auxiliary advancing station that can each assemble drill strings and lower components to the seabed.” Id. at 1301. This duel-activity rig could significantly decrease the time required to complete a borehole. Id at 1302. Transocean sued Maersk rig for infringement of the specialized derrick patent.Continue Reading Parties Cannot Avoid Patent Infringement by Conducting Negotiations Outside the United States for Products that will be Delivered and Utilized in the United States
Louisiana Department of Natural Resources Proposes New Reporting Regulations for Hydraulic Fracturing
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The recent development of the Haynesville Shale in North Louisiana and other shale formations around the country has generated huge public interest in the hydraulic fracturing process, which is known as “fracking” in the oil and gas industry. Fracking refers to the procedure of injecting fluid into tight shale or sandstone formations to create fractures…
Court Certifies Class Action and Finds Reduction in Medicaid LT-PCS Program Violates Americans with Disabilities Act
By Kean Miller on
Since 2003, Louisiana, through the Department of Health and Hospitals (“DHH”) and the Medicaid Program, administers home and community-based health services (“HCBS”) available to disabled citizens. The HCBS includes several programs, one of which is the Long Term Personal Care Services (“LT-PCS”) program. The LT-PCS program provides disabled citizens with a personal care worker to assist with performing personal care or household chores that the disabled citizen would otherwise be unable to perform, in order to avoid being institutionalized. Individuals who do not qualify for LT-PCS or who seek additional or alternative services may enter one of Louisiana’s waiver programs: Elderly and Disabled Adults, Adult Day Health Care, Program of All-inclusive Care for the Elderly, or Money Follows the Person for individuals transitioning from nursing facilities. However, these programs have limited slots, geographical or age limits, and long waiting lists. An individual may be moved to the top of the priority list and immediately obtain a waiver, if the individual has had a hospital stay in excess of 30 days or has been treated in a nursing facility for 120 consecutive days.
Continue Reading Court Certifies Class Action and Finds Reduction in Medicaid LT-PCS Program Violates Americans with Disabilities Act
“Pipeline Infrastructure and Community Protection Act” Hearings Focus on Recent Pipeline Incidents
By Kean Miller on
On July 15, 2011, the House of Representative, Committee on Energy and Power, Subcommittee on Energy and Commerce held hearings on a draft of the “Pipeline Infrastructure and Community Protection Act of 2011.” Chairman Fred Upton’s initial comments focused on recent pipeline incidents: the 20,000 barrel oil spill into Talmadge Creek, Michigan in the summer…
Shreveport-Bossier Area Exceeds Current Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard – Triggers Potential Consequences for Air Emission Sources
By Kean Miller on
As of July 3, 2011, the air quality measured at the official ozone monitor at 1425 Airport Drive, which is within Shreveport, but located in Bossier Parish, indicated that the design value for the parish is now 76.7 parts per billion (ppb) which exceeds the 75 ppb standard set by EPA in 2008. 40 C.F.R. §50.15. The design value for each monitor is the 3 year average of the 4th highest ozone reading at that monitor each year. The exceedance of the current standard will likely cause the Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality (LDEQ) to propose that EPA designate Bossier Parish, and perhaps Caddo and DeSoto Parishes, as an ozone nonattainment area.
LDEQ was required to submit its recommendation for nonattainment designations under the 2008 ozone standard by March 12, 2009. EPA was then required to act on the proposals and make final designations no later than March 12, 2010. 73 Fed. Reg. 16436, 16503 (Mar. 27, 2008). In its 2009 recommendation, LDEQ did designate Caddo, but not Bossier or DeSoto, parishes as nonattainment. (1) However, when air quality in Caddo parish improved to compliance status over the past several years, LDEQ amended that recommendation in January 2010 to classify Caddo as attainment. (2)
Continue Reading Shreveport-Bossier Area Exceeds Current Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard – Triggers Potential Consequences for Air Emission Sources
Louisiana DNR Extends Offshore Drilling Emergency Order
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In response to the Gulf of Mexico Deepwater Horizon Incident, the Louisiana Department of Natural Resources (“DNR”), Office of Conservation (“Conservation”) issued a series of emergency rules with effective dates: July 15, 2010(1) , December 9, 2010(2), January 12, 2011(3) and most recently May 12, 2011(4). . The initial emergency…
Environmental Groups Attempt to Block Shell Deepwater Gulf of Mexico Drilling
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Deepwater oil and gas production from the Gulf of Mexico has become a significant portion of the current production within the United States, equal to over 1.6 million barrels per day of oil equivalent; total U.S oil production is around 5.3 million barrels per day. (1) Worldwide shallow water oil production peaked around the year 2000 whereas worldwide deep water production has risen to around 5 million barrels per day. On May 10, 2011, the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement (“BOEMRE”) approved Royal Dutch Shell’s Exploration Plan S-0744 to better define discoveries announced in 2009 and 2010. (2)
Several environmental groups filed suit in an attempt to block the approved plan. Gulf Restoration Network, Inc., Florida Wildlife Federation, and Sierra Club Inc. filed a petition on June 8, 2011, in the United States Court of Appeals, 11th Circuit, in an attempt to set aside BOEMRE’s approval of the plan. The allegations in the petition are relatively general, alleging violation of the National Environmental Policy Act (“NEPA”) (i.e., for BOEMRE’s alleged failure to appropriately conduct the required environmental assessments and/or impact statements) and further alleging elements required pursuant to 43 U.S.C §1349(c) necessary to maintain the suit under the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act (“OCSLA”).Continue Reading Environmental Groups Attempt to Block Shell Deepwater Gulf of Mexico Drilling
BOEMRE Notice Requires Hurricane and Tropical Storm Effects Reports
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On June 1, 2011, the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement (BOEMRE) issued a notice to Gulf of Mexico Outer Continental Shelf Region (GOMR) lease and pipeline right-of-way (ROW) holders on reporting hurricane and tropical storm effects. Specifically, the recent notice, designated NTL No. 2011-G01(1), requires four reports, as appropriate:
- Evacuation
…
Patent Marking – It Could Cost You Millions
By Kean Miller on
Posted in Business and Corporate, Intellectual Property
In the United States, patent owners or licensees are required to inform alleged infringers of their possibly infringing behavior prior to being able to recover damages for the infringement of a valid U.S. patent. (1) Marking a product with the applicable patent number provides the requisite notice. (2) However, failure to monitor products marked with…