The Louisiana Supreme Court recently held in Borel v. Young that La. R. S. 9:5826(A) provided for both a one year prescriptive period and a three year peremptive period to file a claim for medical malpractice. The decision in Borel made it clear that a plaintiff had to file suit against a health care provider no later than three years from the date of the alleged act, omission, or negligence giving rise to the claim. Otherwise, the plaintiff’s action would be extinguished, and all rights to pursue the action would be lost. This ruling was favorable to health care providers, as it protected them from stale claims being brought years after the date of the alleged malpractice. However, the Louisiana Supreme Court granted a rehearing of the Borel v. Young case on May 21, and it remains to be seen whether the current ruling will stand or whether it will be modified or vacated.

La. R. S. 9:5826(A) governs the time limitations in which a party may bring a medical malpractice action against a health care provider. To understand the significance of the Borel ruling, one must understand the crucial difference between a prescriptive period and a peremptive period. A prescriptive period designates the deadline by which an action must be brought. However, prescriptive periods can be suspended, interrupted, or renounced by a variety of occurrences. Peremption is defined as a period of time fixed by law for the existence of a right. Unlike a prescriptive period, a peremptive period cannot be renounced, interrupted or suspended. Therefore, the right to bring an action against a health care provider would cease to exist if not timely exercised within three years after the date of the alleged act, omission or negligence.

In a recent decision from the federal court for the Southern District of Texas, a refinery’s refusal to hire an applicant who admitted to having weakness on the right side of his body did not violate the Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA). In E.E.O.C vs. Lyondell-Citgo Refining, L. P. (slip copy, 2008 WL 961909), the defendant withdrew a conditional offer of employment based on a third party medical evaluation and determination that the applicant was not medically qualified for an Operator position due to residual right-sided weakness from a blunt force head trauma suffered as a teenager.

Continue Reading Refusal to Hire Impaired Worker Not Disability Bias Under ADA

Environmental litigators face unique challenges in dealing with the expert phase of a lawsuit.  For example, a lawsuit involving alleged environmental contamination of soil, groundwater, or surface waters may require the use of experts such as environmental/civil engineers, hydrogeologists, hydrologists, geologists, soil scientists, agronomists, analytical chemists, toxicologists, environmental chemists, risk assessment experts, wetlands scientists, health physicists, biologists, and statisticians.

These experts must often present difficult and complicated technical information in a way that can be understood by judges, lawyers, and juries, who in most cases are not engineers and scientists.  In some cases, environmental litigators face the task of having to deal with many of these disciplines simultaneously.  Before any of these experts can testify at trial, however, each expert and his or her work must satisfy evidentiary standards applicable to expert testimony, many of which are grounded in the principles laid out in the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 509 U.S. 579 (1993).

This article provides a review of recent decisions where the opinions of environmental experts, from disciplines mentioned above, have been the subject of Daubert challenges based on the reliability of methods or principles and how those challenges were successfully presented or defended.

Download the entire article.

* Reprinted with permission from the American Bar Association, Natural Resources & Environment, Vol. 22, No. 4, Spring 2008.

by the Admiralty and Maritime Team

In the recent case of Cain v. Transocean Offshore USA, Inc., et al., No. 05-300963, the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit affirmed its long standing decision that a watercraft under construction is not a “vessel in navigation” for purposes of the Jones Act.

The determination of whether a vessel is “in navigation” is a critical part of the “seaman status” analysis. Congress did not define the term “seaman” when it passed the Jones Act. Thus, it has been left to the Courts to interpret and define that term. The U.S. Supreme Court’s most recent holding defines a “seaman” as an “employee whose duties contribute to the function of a vessel or to the accomplishment of its mission, and who has connection to a vessel in navigation (or to an identifiable group of such vessels) that is substantial in terms of both its duration and nature.” Chandris, Inc. v. Latsis, 515, U.S. 347, 354 (1995).

Continue Reading A Vessel Under Construction is (Still) NOT a Vessel

The second annual “Kean Miller Connection,” a 2-day law school prep program for college students, will be held May 15th and 16th at Kean Miller’s office in Baton Rouge.

The goal of the program is to “connect” participants with information helpful to their decision to attend law school and become a lawyer. Program details and eligibility requirements (including that each participant must be a member of a group traditionally underrepresented in law school and the law practice) can be found at http://www.keanmiller.com/docs/km_connection_information.pdf.

Continue Reading Kean Miller Hosts Prep Program for College Students

On January 28, 2008, the Family and Medical Leave Act (“FMLS”) was amended as part of the National Defense Authorization Act (“NDAA”) for Fiscal Year 2008. A copy of the amended FMLA is available at www.dol.gov. The amendments provide special leave rights to family members of certain servicemembers. There are two different types of leave rights created by the amendments:

(1) The circumstances for which up to 12 weeks of FMLA leave is available in a 12 month period are extended to include an additional qualifying reason —“because of any qualifying exigency (as the Secretary shall, by regulation, determine) arising out of the fact that the spouse, or a son, daughter, or parent of the employee is on active duty (or has been notified of an impending call or order to active duty) in the Armed Forces in support of a contingency operation.” 29 USC 102(a)(1)(E). Until regulations define a “qualifying exigency”for which the leave is available, employers should not be required to extend this leave. An employer may require certification for this leave should the Secretary’s regulations provide for the manner and timing of any such certification. 29 U.S.C. Sec. 103(f).

Continue Reading Family Medical Leave Act Amended as Part of National Defense Authorization Act

The Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality recently finalized revisions to the “Comprehensive Toxic Air Pollutant Emission Control Program” set forth in LAC 33:III.Chapter 51 of the Louisiana Air Quality Regulations. A final rulemaking, first initiated in September 2005, was published in the December 20, 2007 Louisiana Register and can be obtained at the following web address: http://www.deq.louisiana.gov/portal/tabid/2644/Default.aspx.  Unlike some states, Louisiana has its own air toxics program, which applies to major sources of “toxic air pollutants” as defined in LAC 33:III.5103. State toxic air pollutants include all federal “hazardous air pollutants” set forth in Clean Air Act § 112, and also 13 other pollutants, including ammonia, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and hydrogen sulfide.

The final rulemaking, published in AQ-256, provides for the following revisions:

Continue Reading Louisiana Air Toxics Regulations Revised by LDEQ

by the Admiralty and Maritime Team

The Transportation Worker Identification Credential (TWIC) is a new security measure established by Congress through the Maritime Transportation Security Act (MTSA) to ensure that individuals who pose a threat do not gain unescorted access to secure areas of the nation’s maritime transportation system. The TWIC is a tamper-resistant “smart card” containing an individual’s biometric (fingerprint) template to allow for a positive link between the card itself and the individual. The TWIC card is valid for five years.

Workers who require unescorted access to secure areas of ports, vessels, and outer continental shelf facilities will require a TWIC card. This includes mariners holding Coast Guard issued credentials, non-credentialed mariners in a vessel crew, facility employees who work in a secure area, truckers bringing/picking up cargo at a facility, agents, port chaplains, longshoremen, drayage truckers, surveyors, chandlers, and other maritime professionals. Facility security officers and personnel responsible for security duties are also required to obtain a TWIC card. The category of “other marine professionals” would, in this author’s opinion, include attorneys and their experts who may enter a port or other secure area to inspect vessels.

Continue Reading The TWIC: What Is It, Who Needs It, and How Can I Get It

Taxpayers often own a vacation home or other residential property that they desire to exchange in a tax-deferred like kind exchange under Section 1031 of the Internal Revenue Code. Under Section 1031, no gain or loss is recognized on the exchange of property held for use in a trade or business or for investment if the property is exchanged solely for property of like kind that is to be used in either a trade or business or for investment. Personal residences and similar personal-use property generally do not qualify as property held for investment or used in a trade or business within the meaning of Section 1031. When it comes to vacation homes and similar property that a taxpayer uses occasionally for personal use, there has generally been uncertainty as to whether or not that property would qualify for a Section 1031 exchange.

Continue Reading IRS Provides Safe Harbor For Like Kind Exchange

The IRS issued Notice 2008-25 explaining how the recapture rules for the 50% bonus depreciation under the GO Zone legislation applies to GO Zone property involved in either a like kind exchange under Section 1031 of the Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”) or an involuntary conversion under Section 1033 of the Code.

In general, for qualified GO Zone property, taxpayers can claim a 50% bonus depreciation deduction for the qualified Go Zone property. However, this depreciation deduction is subject to recapture if the property ceases to be substantially used in the GO Zone or in the active conduct of a trade or business by the taxpayer. If GO Zone property is no longer GO Zone property in the hands of the same taxpayer at any time before the end of the GO Zone property’s recovery period under the normal depreciation rules, then the taxpayer must generally recapture in the taxable year in which the GO Zone property is no longer GO Zone property (the recapture year) the benefit derived from claiming the GO Zone bonus depreciation deduction. The benefit derived from claiming this bonus depreciation deduction is equal to the excess of the total depreciation claimed, including the bonus depreciation, for the property for the taxable years before the recapture year over the total depreciation that would have been allowable for the taxable years prior to the recapture year under the normal depreciation rules. The recapture amount will be treated as ordinary income in the recapture year.

Continue Reading IRS Issues Notice Explaining Go Zone Recapture Rules For Like Kind Exchanges of Go Zone Property